Grouping Business Logic In a Business View

A Business View is stored as if it were a real Master File. However, it has no SUFFIX attribute. Instead, it contains a VIEW_OF attribute that points to its underlying Master File. When the Business View is used in a request, all of the actual field and security information comes from the original Master File. If the field is from a cross-referenced segment in the original Master File, all of the cross-reference segment and key information remains in the original Master File.

The Business View can be assigned to a different application from the original Master File, providing security and application integrity in the form of APP PATH restrictions on different Business Views.

A Business View is organized into pseudo segments called folders. Each folder can contain a group of fields and/or other folders. A folder can also be empty. The fields in a folder can come from different segments in the original Master File. If the fields do not lie along a single path in the original Master File and your request includes fields from separate paths in the original Master File, warning messages may be generated when you run the request.

A Business View can include real fields, calculated values (COMPUTEs), virtual fields (DEFINEs), and filters from the original Master File.

Business views are most useful as views of relational and FOCUS data sources. They are not recommended against cube data sources, as they eliminate drill down capabilities.

The field and segment names in a Business View can be the same as the names in the original Master File, or you can assign new field names in the Business View. When you run a request against a Business View in which any name does not match the corresponding name in the original Master File, the request goes through a transformation process to substitute the real name. To enable this name translation process, the SET FOCTRANSFORM=ON command must be in effect before issuing a TABLE, DEFINE, or JOIN command when any name in the Business View is different from the real field name.

Syntax: How to Enable Name Translation for Business Views

SET FOCTRANSFORM={ON|OFF}

where:

ON: Converts all the field and segment references to the corresponding entities in the real Master File. ON is the default value.
OFF: Does not convert field and segment references.

Syntax: How to Define a Business View

FILE = bv_name, VIEW_OF=real_mf 
    [, REMARKS|DESC="default_desc" 
    [, DESC_ln="desc_for_ln" ...]] $ 
 SEGMENT = folder_name , [PARENT=parent_folder_name  
     [, DESC = "default_desc", 
     [DESC_ln="desc_for_ln" ...]]] $ 
   [FIELD = bv_field_name, [ALIAS=real_field_name] , 
     [BELONGS_TO_SEGMENT= real_segment_name]  ,  
     [, TITLE = "default_title" 
     [, TITLE_ln="title_for_ln" ...]]]
     [, DESC="default_desc" 
     [, DESC_ln="desc_for_ln" ...], $]]
   [FIELD ...   ]
 [SEGMENT ...     ]

where:

bv_name: Is the name you give to the view.
real_mf: Is the name of the original Master File.
folder_name: Is the name of a virtual segment in the view. A folder is allowed to be empty.
parent_folder_name: Is the name of the parent of the virtual segment.
bv_field_name: Is the field name you assign. It can be the same as the real field name or a different field name. If it is different, the real field is identified by the ALIAS attribute.
real_field_name: Is the name of the field in the original Master File. This field can be a real field, a virtual field, or a calculated value. If bv_field_name matches real_field_name, the ALIAS attribute can be omitted. If no ALIAS is specified, the Business View field name must match the field name in the original Master File.
real_segment_name: Is the name of the segment in which the field resides in the original Master File. If the real field name is unique in the original Master File, the BELONGS_TO_SEGMENT attribute can be omitted. If BELONGS_TO_SEGMENT is missing and the field name is not unique in the original Master File, the first field with a matching field name in the original Master File is used.
default_title: Is the column title to use when the LANG parameter is set to the default language for the server, or another language is set but the Master File has no corresponding TITLE_ln attribute for that field. This title is also used if the ln value is invalid.
default_desc: Is descriptive text to use when the LANG parameter is set to the default language for the server, or another language is set but the Master File has no corresponding DESC_ln attribute for that field. This description is also used if the ln value is invalid. This description displays in the front-end user interface.
ln: Specifies the language for which the title or description applies. Valid values for ln are the two-letter ISO 639 language code abbreviations.

title_for_ln: Is the title to use when the LANG parameter is set to a non-default language for the server, and the Master File has a corresponding TITLE_ln attribute, where ln is the two-digit code for the language specified by the LANG parameter.
desc_for_ln: Is the description to use when the LANG parameter is set to a non-default language for the server, and the Master File has a corresponding DESC_ln attribute, where ln is the two-digit code for the language specified by the LANG parameter.

Reference: Languages and Language Codes

Language Name	Two-Letter Language Code	Three-Letter Language Abbreviation
Arabic	ar	ARB
Baltic	lt	BAL
Chinese - Simplified GB	zh	PRC
Chinese - Traditional Big-5	tw	ROC
Czech	cs	CZE
Danish	da	DAN
Dutch	nl	DUT
English - American	en	AME or ENG
English - UK	uk	UKE
Finnish	fi	FIN
French - Canadian	fc	FRE
French - Standard	fr	FRE
German - Austrian	at	GER
German - Standard	de	GER
Greek	el	GRE
Hebrew	iw	HEW
Italian	it	ITA
Japanese - Shift-JIS(cp942) on ascii cp939 on EBCDIC	ja	JPN
Japanese - EUC(cp10942) on ascii (UNIX)	je	JPE
Korean	ko	KOR
Norwegian	no	NOR
Polish	pl	POL
Portuguese - Brazilian	br	POR
Portuguese - Portugal	pt	POR
Russian	ru	RUS
Spanish	es	SPA
Swedish	sv	SWE
Thai	th	THA
Turkish	tr	TUR

Reference: Usage Notes for Business Views

The detailed information about fields, such as USAGE and ACTUAL formats or indexes remain in the original Master File.
All information about Cluster Master Files remain in the original Master File.
DBA attributes are allowed only in the original Master File.
Business Views do not support data source maintenance commands such as Maintain, MODIFY, SCAN, FSCAN, COMBINE, or REBUILD.
When a Master File contains more than one field with the same name, as can occur when files are joined, the BELONGS_TO_SEGMENT attribute identifies which instance of the field name is being referenced in the Business View.
Folders can be empty.
The USE command supports Business Views.
You can issue an SQL SELECT command against a Business View. However, a Direct SQL Passthru request is not supported against a Business View.
Business Views cannot be encrypted.
Business Views support alternate file views and fully qualified field names.
The SEG. operator against a Business View folder displays all of the fields in that folder, not all of the fields in the real segment.
Requests against a Business View cannot reference real fields or segments that are not in the Business View.
All HOLD formats are supported against a Business View.
All adapters for non-FOCUS data sources support retrieval requests against a Business View.

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Example: Creating a Business View

The following Business View of the EMPLOYEE data source consists of three folders:

The first folder contains the employee ID, name current salary, and current job code fields from the EMPLOYEE Master File.
The second folder contains the salary and increase history fields from the PAYINFO segment of the original Master File.
The third folder contains the job code and job description fields from the JOBSEG segment, which is a cross-referenced segment.

Note that a field named JOBCODE exists in folders 2 and 3. The BELONGS_TO_SEGMENT attribute distinguishes between the JOBCODE field from the PAYINFO segment and the JOBCODE field from the JOBSEG segment in the EMPLOYEE Master File.

The following table shows the Master File for the Business View and the associated segments from the EMPLOYEE Master File:

Business View	EMPLOYEE Master File
FILENAME=EMPLOYEE_BV01, VIEW_OF=baseapp/employeeEMPLOYEE, $	FILENAME=EMPLOYEE, SUFFIX=FOC
SEGMENT=FOLDER1, $ FIELDNAME=EMP_ID, ALIAS=EMP_ID, BELONGS_TO_SEGMENT=EMPINFO, $ FIELDNAME=LAST_NAME, ALIAS=LAST_NAME, BELONGS_TO_SEGMENT=EMPINFO, $ FIELDNAME=FIRST_NAME, ALIAS=FIRST_NAME, BELONGS_TO_SEGMENT=EMPINFO, $ FIELDNAME=DEPARTMENT, ALIAS=DEPARTMENT, BELONGS_TO_SEGMENT=EMPINFO, $ FIELDNAME=CURR_SAL, ALIAS=CURR_SAL, BELONGS_TO_SEGMENT=EMPINFO, $ FIELDNAME=CURR_JOBCODE, ALIAS=CURR_JOBCODE, BELONGS_TO_SEGMENT=EMPINFO, $	SEGNAME=EMPINFO, SEGTYPE=S1 FIELDNAME=EMP_ID, ALIAS=EID, FORMAT=A9, $ FIELDNAME=LAST_NAME,ALIAS=LN, FORMAT=A15,$ FIELDNAME=FIRST_NAME,ALIAS=FN, FORMAT=A10,$ FIELDNAME=HIRE_DATE,ALIAS=HDT, FORMAT=I6YMD,$ FIELDNAME=DEPARTMENT, ALIAS=DPT,FORMAT=A10,$ FIELDNAME=CURR_SAL,ALIAS=CSAL, FORMAT=D12.2M,$ FIELDNAME=CURR_JOBCODE, ALIAS=CJC,FORMAT=A3,$ FIELDNAME=ED_HRS, ALIAS=OJT, FORMAT=F6.2,$
Segment not included in Business view.	SEGNAME=FUNDTRAN, SEGTYPE=U, PARENT=EMPINFO FIELDNAME=BANK_NAME, ALIAS=BN, FORMAT=A20,$ FIELDNAME=BANK_CODE, ALIAS=BC, FORMAT=I6S, $ FIELDNAME=BANK_ACCT, ALIAS=BA, FORMAT=I9S,$ FIELDNAME=EFFECT_DATE, ALIAS=EDATE,FORMAT=I6YMD,$
SEGMENT=FOLDER3, PARENT=FOLDER1, $ FIELDNAME=DAT_INC, ALIAS=DAT_INC, BELONGS_TO_SEGMENT=PAYINFO, $ FIELDNAME=PCT_INC, ALIAS=PCT_INC, BELONGS_TO_SEGMENT=PAYINFO, $ FIELDNAME=SALARY, ALIAS=SALARY, BELONGS_TO_SEGMENT=PAYINFO, $ FIELDNAME=JOBCODE, ALIAS=JOBCODE, BELONGS_TO_SEGMENT=PAYINFO, $	SEGNAME=PAYINFO,SEGTYPE=SH1, PARENT=EMPINFO FIELDNAME=DAT_INC, ALIAS=DI, FORMAT=I6YMD, $ FIELDNAME=PCT_INC, ALIAS=PI, FORMAT=F6.2,$ FIELDNAME=SALARY, ALIAS=SAL, FORMAT=D12.2M,$ FIELDNAME=JOBCODE, ALIAS=JBC, FORMAT=A3,$
Segment not included in Business view.	SEGNAME=ADDRESS,SEGTYPE=S1, PARENT=EMPINFO FIELDNAME=TYPE, ALIAS=AT, FORMAT=A4,$ FIELDNAME=ADDRESS_LN1, ALIAS=LN1, FORMAT=A20,$ FIELDNAME=ADDRESS_LN2, ALIAS=LN2, FORMAT=A20,$ FIELDNAME=ADDRESS_LN3, ALIAS=LN3, FORMAT=A20,$ FIELDNAME=ACCTNUMBER, ALIAS=ANO, FORMAT=I9L,$
Segment not included in Business view.	SEGNAME=SALINFO, SEGTYPE=SH1, PARENT=EMPINFO FIELDNAME=PAY_DATE, ALIAS=PD, FORMAT=I6YMD,$ FIELDNAME=GROSS, ALIAS=MO_PAY, FORMAT=D12.2M,$
Segment not included in Business view.	SEGNAME=DEDUCT, SEGTYPE=S1, PARENT=SALINFO FIELDNAME=DED_CODE, ALIAS=DC, FORMAT=A4,$ FIELDNAME=DED_AMT, ALIAS=DA, FORMAT=D12.2M,$
SEGMENT=FOLDER2, PARENT=FOLDER1, $ FIELDNAME=JOBCODE, ALIAS=JOBCODE, BELONGS_TO_SEGMENT=JOBSEG, $ FIELDNAME=JOB_DESC, ALIAS=JOB_DESC, BELONGS_TO_SEGMENT=JOBSEG, $	SEGNAME=JOBSEG, SEGTYPE=KU, PARENT=PAYINFO, CRFILE=JOBFILE, CRKEY=JOBCODE,$
Segment not included in Business view.	SEGNAME=SECSEG, SEGTYPE=KLU,PARENT=JOBSEG, CRFILE=JOBFILE,$
Segment not included in Business view.	SEGNAME=SKILLSEG,SEGTYPE=KL, PARENT=JOBSEG, CRFILE=JOBFILE,$
Segment not included in Business view.	SEGNAME=ATTNDSEG,SEGTYPE=KM, PARENT=EMPINFO, CRFILE=EDUCFILE, CRKEY=EMP_ID,$
Segment not included in Business view.	SEGNAME=COURSEG, SEGTYPE=KLU, PARENT=ATTNDSEG, CRFILE=EDUCFILE,$

The following procedure references the Business View. Note that the SET FOCTRANSFORM=ON setting is in effect by default and is needed in order to translate the qualified name FOLDER3.JOBCODE to its name in the original Master File (PAYINFO.JOBCODE):

TABLE FILE EMPLOYEE_BV01
PRINT FOLDER3.JOBCODE JOB_DESC
BY LAST_NAME BY FIRST_NAME
BY HIGHEST 1 DAT_INC  NOPRINT
END

The output is:

LAST_NAME        FIRST_NAME  JOBCODE  JOB_DESC
---------        ----------  -------  --------
BANNING          JOHN        A17      DEPARTMENT MANAGER
BLACKWOOD        ROSEMARIE   B04      SYSTEMS ANALYST
CROSS            BARBARA     A17      DEPARTMENT MANAGER
GREENSPAN        MARY        A07      SECRETARY
IRVING           JOAN        A15      ASSIST.MANAGER
JONES            DIANE       B03      PROGRAMMER ANALYST
MCCOY            JOHN        B02      PROGRAMMER
MCKNIGHT         ROGER       B02      PROGRAMMER
ROMANS           ANTHONY     B04      SYSTEMS ANALYST
SMITH            MARY        B14      FILE QUALITY
                 RICHARD     A01      PRODUCTION CLERK
STEVENS          ALFRED      A07      SECRETARY

Next, add a filter to the EMPLOYEE Master File, and include it in FOLDER1 of the Business View.

In the EMPLOYEE Master File:

FILTER DFILTER  WITH EMPINFO.EMP_ID=DEPARTMENT EQ 'MIS'; $

In the Business View:

FIELDNAME=DFILTER, ALIAS=DFILTER, BELONGS_TO_SEGMENT=EMPINFO, $

The following request implements the filter:

TABLE FILE EMPLOYEE_BV01
PRINT PAYINFO.JOBCODE JOB_DESC
BY LAST_NAME BY FIRST_NAME
BY HIGHEST 1 DAT_INC  NOPRINT
WHERE DFILTER
END

The output is:

LAST_NAME        FIRST_NAME  JOBCODE  JOB_DESC
---------        ----------  -------  --------
BLACKWOOD        ROSEMARIE   B04      SYSTEMS ANALYST
CROSS            BARBARA     A17      DEPARTMENT MANAGER
GREENSPAN        MARY        A07      SECRETARY
JONES            DIANE       B03      PROGRAMMER ANALYST
MCCOY            JOHN        B02      PROGRAMMER
SMITH            MARY        B14      FILE QUALITY