Business days are traditionally Monday through Friday, but not every business has this schedule. For example, if your company does business on Sunday, Tuesday, Wednesday, Friday, and Saturday, you can tailor business day units to reflect that schedule.

SET BUSDAYS = smtwtfs 

SET BUSDAYS = S_TW_FS

? SET BUSDAYS

You can specify a list of dates that are designated as holidays in your company. These dates are excluded when using functions that perform calculations based on working days. For example, if Thursday in a given week is designated as a holiday, the next working day after Wednesday is Friday.

To define a list of holidays, you must:

1. Create a holiday file using a standard text editor.
2. Select the holiday file by issuing the SET command with the HDAY parameter.

SET HDAY = xxxx

19910325 TEST HOLIDAY
19911225 CHRISTMAS 

SET BUSDAYS = SMTWTFS
SET HDAY = TEST
TABLE FILE MOVIES
PRINT TITLE RELDATE
COMPUTE NEXTDATE/YMD = DATEADD(RELDATE, 'BD', 1);
WHERE RELDATE GE '19910101';
END

SET LEADZERO = {ON|OFF}

where:

ON

Displays leading zeros if present.

OFF

Truncates leading zeros. OFF is the default value.

The AYM function adds one month to the input date of December 1999:

-SET &IN = '9912';
-RUN
-SET &OUT = AYM(&IN, 1, 'I4');
-TYPE &OUT

Using the default LEADZERO setting, this yields:

1

This represents the date January 2000 incorrectly. Setting the LEADZERO parameter in the request as follows:

SET LEADZERO = ON
-SET &IN = '9912';
-SET &OUT = AYM(&IN, 1, 'I4');
-TYPE &OUT

results in the following:

0001

This correctly indicates January 2000.

SET DATEFORMAT = option

where:

option

Can be one of the following: MDY, DMY, YMD, or MYD. MDY is the default value for the U.S. English format.

The following request uses a natural date literal with ambiguous numeric day and month components (APR 04 05) as input to the HINPUT function:

SET DATEFORMAT = MYD                                    
DEFINE FILE EMPLOYEE                                    
DTFLDYYMD/HYYMDI =  HINPUT(9,'APR 04 05', 8, DTFLDYYMD);
END                                                     
                                                        
TABLE FILE EMPLOYEE                                     
SUM   CURR_SAL NOPRINT DTFLDYYMD                        
END                                                     

With DATEFORMAT set to MYD, the value is interpreted as April 5, 1904:

DTFLDYYMD       
---------       
1904-04-05 00:00

The numeric string format is exactly two, four, six, or eight digits. Four-digit strings are considered to be a year (century must be specified), and the month and day are set to January 1. Six and eight-digit strings contain two or four digits for the year, followed by two for the month, and two for the day. Because the component order is fixed with this format, the DATEFORMAT setting is ignored.

If a numeric-string format longer than eight digits is encountered, it is treated as a combined date-time string in the Hnn format.

The following are examples of numeric string date constants:

99

1999

19990201

The formatted-string format contains a one or two-digit day, a one or two-digit month, and a two or four-digit year, each component separated by a space, slash, hyphen, or period. All three components must be present and follow the DATEFORMAT setting. If any of the three fields is four digits, it is interpreted as the year, and the other two fields must follow the order given by the DATEFORMAT setting.

The following are examples of formatted-string date constants and specify May 20, 1999:

1999/05/20
5 20 1999
99.05.20
1999-05-20

The translated-string format contains the full or abbreviated month name. The year must also be present in four-digit or two-digit form. If the day is missing, day 1 of the month is assumed; if present, it can have one or two digits. If the string contains both a two-digit year and a two-digit day, they must be in the order given by the DATEFORMAT setting.

The following date is in translated-string format:

January 6 2000

Time components are separated by colons and may be followed by A.M., P.M., a.m., or p.m.

Seconds can be expressed with a decimal point or be followed by a colon. If there is a colon after seconds, the value following it represents milliseconds. There is no way to express microseconds or nanoseconds using this notation.

A decimal point in the seconds value indicates the decimal fraction of a second. Microseconds can be represented using six decimal digits. Nanoseconds can be represented using nine decimal digits.

The following are examples of acceptable time formats:

14:30:20:99       (99 milliseconds)
14:30
14:30:20.99       (99/100 seconds)
14:30:20.999999   (999999 microseconds)
02:30:20:500pm

With DTSTANDARD settings of STANDARD and STANDARDU, the following date-time values can be read as input:

14:30[:20,99]

14:30[:20.99]Z

15:30[:20,99]+01
15:30[:20,99]+0100
15:30[:20,99]+01:00 

09:30[:20.99]-05

In a character file

 date_string [time_string]

or

 time_string [date_string]

In a COMPUTE, DEFINE, or WHERE expression

DT(date_string [time_string])

or

DT(time_string [date_string])

In an IF expression

'date_string [time_string]'

or

'time_string [date_string]'

where:

time_string

Is a time string in acceptable format. A time string can have a blank immediately preceding an am/pm indicator.

date_string

Is a date string in either numeric string, formatted-string, or translated-string format.

In an IF criteria, if the value does not contain blanks or special characters, the single quotation marks are not necessary.

Note: The date and time strings must be separated by at least one blank space. Blank spaces are also permitted at the beginning and end of the date-time string.

The DT prefix can be used in a COMPUTE, DEFINE, or WHERE expression to assign a date-time literal to a date-time field. For example:

DT2/HYYMDS = DT(20051226 05:45);                                
DT3/HYYMDS = DT(2005 DEC 26 05:45);                              
DT4/HYYMDS = DT(December 26 2005 05:45);   

The following uses the DT function in a COMPUTE command to create a new field containing an assigned date-time value.

TABLE FILE EMPLOYEE
PRINT LAST_NAME FIRST_NAME AND COMPUTE
NEWSAL/D12.2M = CURR_SAL + (0.1 * CURR_SAL);
RAISETIME/HYYMDIA = DT(20000101 09:00AM);
WHERE CURR_JOBCODE LIKE 'B%'
END

The output is:

LAST_NAME     FIRST_NAME           NEWSAL  RAISETIME
---------     ----------           ------  ---------
SMITH         MARY             $14,520.00  2000/01/01  9:00AM
JONES         DIANE            $20,328.00  2000/01/01  9:00AM
ROMANS        ANTHONY          $23,232.00  2000/01/01  9:00AM
MCCOY         JOHN             $20,328.00  2000/01/01  9:00AM
BLACKWOOD     ROSEMARIE        $23,958.00  2000/01/01  9:00AM
MCKNIGHT      ROGER            $17,710.00  2000/01/01  9:00AM

The following uses the DT function to create a new field containing an assigned date-time value. This value is then used as a WHERE criteria.

DEFINE FILE EMPLOYEE
NEWSAL/D12.2M = CURR_SAL + (0.1 * CURR_SAL);
RAISETIME/HYYMDIA = DT(20000101 09:00AM);
END

TABLE FILE EMPLOYEE
PRINT LAST_NAME FIRST_NAME NEWSAL RAISETIME
WHERE RAISETIME EQ DT(20000101 09:00AM)
END

The output is:

LAST_NAME     FIRST_NAME           NEWSAL  RAISETIME
---------     ----------           ------  ---------
STEVENS       ALFRED           $12,100.00  2000/01/01  9:00AM
SMITH         MARY             $14,520.00  2000/01/01  9:00AM
JONES         DIANE            $20,328.00  2000/01/01  9:00AM
SMITH         RICHARD          $10,450.00  2000/01/01  9:00AM
BANNING       JOHN             $32,670.00  2000/01/01  9:00AM
IRVING        JOAN             $29,548.20  2000/01/01  9:00AM
ROMANS        ANTHONY          $23,232.00  2000/01/01  9:00AM
MCCOY         JOHN             $20,328.00  2000/01/01  9:00AM
BLACKWOOD     ROSEMARIE        $23,958.00  2000/01/01  9:00AM
MCKNIGHT      ROGER            $17,710.00  2000/01/01  9:00AM
GREENSPAN     MARY              $9,900.00  2000/01/01  9:00AM
CROSS         BARBARA          $29,768.20  2000/01/01  9:00AM

The following uses the DT function to create a new field containing an assigned date-time value. This value is then used as an IF criteria.

DEFINE FILE EMPLOYEE
NEWSAL/D12.2M = CURR_SAL + (0.1 * CURR_SAL);
RAISETIME/HYYMDIA = DT(20000101 09:00AM);
END
 
TABLE FILE EMPLOYEE
PRINT LAST_NAME FIRST_NAME NEWSAL RAISETIME
IF RAISETIME EQ '20000101 09:00AM'
END

The output is:

LAST_NAME     FIRST_NAME           NEWSAL  RAISETIME
---------     ----------           ------  ---------
STEVENS       ALFRED           $12,100.00  2000/01/01  9:00AM
SMITH         MARY             $14,520.00  2000/01/01  9:00AM
JONES         DIANE            $20,328.00  2000/01/01  9:00AM
SMITH         RICHARD          $10,450.00  2000/01/01  9:00AM
BANNING       JOHN             $32,670.00  2000/01/01  9:00AM
IRVING        JOAN             $29,548.20  2000/01/01  9:00AM
ROMANS        ANTHONY          $23,232.00  2000/01/01  9:00AM
MCCOY         JOHN             $20,328.00  2000/01/01  9:00AM
BLACKWOOD     ROSEMARIE        $23,958.00  2000/01/01  9:00AM
MCKNIGHT      ROGER            $17,710.00  2000/01/01  9:00AM
GREENSPAN     MARY              $9,900.00  2000/01/01  9:00AM
CROSS         BARBARA          $29,768.20  2000/01/01  9:00AM

The WEEKFIRST parameter specifies a day of the week as the start of the week. This is used in week computations by the HDIFF, HNAME, HPART, and HSETPT functions. The WEEKFIRST parameter does not change the day of the month that corresponds to each day of the week, but only specifies which day is considered the start of the week.

The HPART, HYYWD, and HNAME subroutines can extract a week number from a date-time value. To determine a week number, they can use ISO 8601 standard week numbering, which defines the first week of the year as the first week in January with four or more days. Any preceding days in January belong to week 52 or 53 of the preceding year. The ISO standard also establishes Monday as the first day of the week.

These functions can also define the first week of the year as the first week in January with seven days. This is the definition they used in prior releases.

You specify which type of week numbering to use by setting the WEEKFIRST parameter.

Since the week number returned by HNAME and HPART functions can be in the current year or the year preceding or following, the week number by itself may not be useful. The function HYYWD returns both the year and the week from a given date-time value.

SET WEEKFIRST = {value|7}

SET WEEKFIRST = 1

? SET WEEKFIRST

The following component names, valid abbreviations, and values are supported as arguments for the date-time functions that require them:

Component Name	Abbreviation	Valid Values
year	yy	0001-9999
quarter	qq	1-4
month	mm	1-12 or a month name, depending on the function.
day-of-year	dy	1-366
day or day-of-month	dd	1-31 (The two component names are equivalent.)
week	wk	1-53
weekday	dw	1-7 (Sunday-Saturday)
hour	hh	0-23
minute	mi	0-59
second	ss	0-59
millisecond	ms	0-999
microsecond	mc	0-999999
nanosecond	ns	0-999999999

SET DTSTRICT = {ON|OFF}

where:

ON

Invokes strict processing. ON is the default value.

Strict processing checks date-time values when they are input by an end user, read from a transaction file, displayed, or returned by a subroutine to ensure that they represent a valid date and time. For example, a numeric month must be between 1 and 12, and the day must be within the number of days for the specified month.

If DTSTRICT is ON and the result would be an invalid date-time value, the function returns the value zero (0).

OFF

Does not invoke strict processing. Date-time components can have any value within the constraint of the number of decimal digits allowed in the field. For example, if the field is a two-digit month, the value can be 12 or 99, but not 115.